Saffron, the Persian Red Gold, is the most valuable plant of the world, enjoying unique properties. The plant originates from Alvand mountain slopes. After Mongol invasion of Iran, Saffron was introduced to Chinese and they started cultivation of the plant in China. Arabs brought saffron to Spain through which it spread in Europe later. More than 90% of the world production of this valuable crop belongs to Iran and 95% of this portion is produced in Central Khorassan. Saffron is widely cultivated in the regions with Mediterranean climate, between northern latitudes of 30 to 50 degrees, and also in arid regions of Iran, having cold winters and hot summers. Cultivation of saffron in southern regions of Khorassan dates back to 700 years ago.